Rainbows+Vocab

Rainbows Vocab

Chapter 1

Cinder Block – A lightweight building brick made from small cinders mixed with sand and cement.

Tedious – too long, slow, or dull: Tiresome or monotonous.

Sward – an expanse of short grass.

Chapter 2

Nimbly - quick and light in movement or action

Loped – run or move with a long bounding stride

Relentlessly – oppressively constant; incessant

Chapter 3 Dubiously- doubtfully

Surge- a sudden increase

Apt- appropriate

Chapter 4 Gaily- cheerful

Thawed- become soft

Delirious- mind result from illness

Chapter 5 Skimming- remove from surface

Lynch- kill by hanging

Sputter- a series of soft explosive sounds

Chapter 6 =**Chapter 6, 7, 8**=
 * Dash **

verb


 * 1 ** [ intrans. ] run or travel somewhere in a great hurry //: I dashed into the garden | I must dash, I'm late.//

• (often **dash about/around**) move about in a great hurry, esp. in the attempt to do several things in a short period of time //: I dash about for four days in a manic fit to straighten things up.//


 * 2 ** [ trans. ] strike or fling (something) somewhere with great force, esp. so as to have a destructive effect; hurl //: the ship was dashed upon the rocks.//

• [ intrans. ] strike forcefully against something //: a gust of rain dashed against the bricks.//

• [ trans. ] destroy or frustrate (a person's hopes or expectations) //: the budget dashed hopes of an increase in funding.//

• [ trans. ] cause (someone) to lose confidence; dispirit //: I won't tell Stuart—I think he'd be dashed.//

exclamation Brit., informal dated

used to express mild annoyance //: “ **Dash it all**, I am in charge.”//

noun


 * 1 ** [in sing. ] an act of running somewhere suddenly and hastily //: she **made a dash for** the door.//

• a journey or period of time characterized by urgency or eager haste //: a 20-mile dash to the airport.//

• a short fast race run in one heat; a sprint //: the 100-yard dash.//


 * 2 ** a small quantity of a substance, esp. a liquid, added to something else //: whiskey with **a dash of** soda.//

• figurative a small amount of a particular quality adding piquancy or distinctiveness to something else //: a casual atmosphere with a dash of sophistication.//


 * 3 ** a horizontal stroke in writing or printing to mark a pause or break in sense, or to represent omitted letters or words.

• the longer signal of the two used in Morse code. Compare with.

• Music a short vertical mark placed above or beneath a note to indicate that it is to be performed in a very staccato manner.


 * 4 ** impetuous or flamboyant vigor and confidence; panache //: he has youthful energy, dash, and charisma.//


 * 5 ** short for **dashboard**.

PHRASAL VERBS


 * dash something off ** write something hurriedly and without much premeditation.

ORIGIN Middle English (in the sense [strike forcibly against] ): probably symbolic of forceful movement and related to Swedish **//daska//** and Danish **//daske//**.


 * Sympathetically **


 * 1 ** feeling, showing, or expressing sympathy //: he was **sympathetic toward** staff with family problems | he spoke in a sympathetic tone.//

• [ predic. ] showing approval of or favor toward an idea or action //: he was **sympathetic to** evolutionary ideas.//


 * 2 ** pleasant or agreeable, in particular

• (of a person) attracting the liking of others //: Audrey develops as a sympathetic character.//

• (of a structure) designed in a sensitive or fitting way //: buildings that were **sympathetic to** their surroundings.//


 * 3 ** relating to or denoting the part of the autonomic nervous system consisting of nerves arising from ganglia near the middle part of the spinal cord, supplying the internal organs, blood vessels, and glands, and balancing the action of the parasympathetic nerves.


 * 4 ** relating to, producing, or denoting an effect that arises in response to a similar action elsewhere.

DERIVATIVES


 * sympathetically **|-ik( ə )l ē | adverb

ORIGIN mid 17th cent. (in the sense [relating to an affinity or paranormal influence,] as in **sympathetic magic** ): from **sympathy**, on the pattern of //pathetic//.


 * Deliberately **

adjective |diˈlib ə rit|

done consciously and intentionally //: a deliberate attempt to provoke conflict.//

• fully considered; not impulsive //: a deliberate decision.//

• done or acting in a careful and unhurried way //: a careful and deliberate worker.//

verb |-ˌr ā t| [ intrans. ]

engage in long and careful consideration //: she **deliberated over** the menu.//

• [ trans. ] consider (a question) carefully //: jurors deliberated the fate of those charged// | [with clause ] //deliberating what she should do.//

DERIVATIVES


 * deliberately **|-ritl ē | adverb


 * deliberateness **|-ritnis| noun


 * deliberator **|-ˌr ā t ə r| noun

ORIGIN late Middle English (as an adjective): from Latin **//deliberatus//**, **//‘considered carefully,’//** past participle of **//deliberare//**, from **//de- ‘down’//** + **//librare ‘weigh’//** (from **//libra ‘scales’//** ).


 * Skeletal **

adjective

of, relating to, or functioning as a skeleton //: the skeletal remains of aquatic organisms.//

• very thin; emaciated //: a small, skeletal boy clothed in rags.//

• existing only in outline or as a framework of something //: a skeletal plot for a novel | the skeletal leaves of long-faded roses.//

DERIVATIVES


 * skeletally ** adverb


 * Stalagmite **|st ə ˈlagˌm ī t|

noun

a mound or tapering column rising from the floor of a cave, formed of calcium salts deposited by dripping water and often uniting with a stalactite.

DERIVATIVES


 * stalagmitic **<span style="font-family: 'ヒラギノ明朝 Pro W3'; font-size: 16pt;">|ˌstal ə <span style="font-family: 'ヒラギノ明朝 Pro W3'; font-size: 16pt;">gˈmitik| adjective

ORIGIN late 17th cent.: from modern Latin **//stalagmites//**, from Greek **//stalagma ‘a drop,’//** based on **//stalassein//** (see **stalactite** ).


 * sill **<span style="font-family: 'ヒラギノ明朝 Pro W3'; font-size: 16pt;"> |sil|

noun

a shelf or slab of stone, wood, or metal at the foot of a window or doorway.

• a strong horizontal member at the base of any structure, e.g., in the frame of a motor or rail vehicle.

• Geology a tabular sheet of igneous rock intruded between and parallel with the existing strata. Compare with.

• an underwater ridge or rock ledge extending across the bed of a body of water.

ORIGIN Old English //syll//, //sylle// [horizontal beam forming a foundation,] of Germanic origin; related to German **//Schwelle ‘threshold.’//**

Chapter 9

Feverish-Having or showing the symptoms of a fever

Yielded- Produce or provide

Peering- look keenly or difficulty at someone or something

Chapter 10

Abruptly- Sudden and unexpected

Dimness Of a light, color or an illuminated object

Cordial- Warm and friendly

Chapter 11

Recessed- A small space created by a building

Contrary- Opposite in nature direct or meaning

Freight- Goods transported by truck, train, ship or aircraft

Chapter 12


 * 1) Subsiding - Become less intense, violent, or severe.
 * 2) Irrelevantly – Not connected with or relevant to something.
 * 3) Incomprehensible – Had to understand

Chapter 13 1.Stocky – Broad and sturdily built. 2. Scrutiny – Critical observation or examination. 3. Shelter from wind or weather given by a neighboring object, esp. nearby land.

Chapter 14 1.Rollers - a cylinder that rotates around a central axis and is used in various machines and devices to move, flatten, or spread something. 2, recessed - a small space created by building part of a wall further back from the rest 3. upholstered - provide (furniture) with a soft, padded covering

Chapter 15

__ Thrust- push __ (something or someone) suddenly or violently in the specified direction

__ Undergo- __ experience or be subjected to (something, typically something unpleasant, painful, or arduous

__ Injections- __ an instance of injecting or being injected

Chapter 16

__ Wryly- __ using or expressing dry, esp. mocking, humor

__ Steroids- __ any of a large class of organic compounds with a characteristic molecular structure containing four rings of carbon atoms

__ Hypodermic- __ of or relating to the region immediately beneath the skin.

Chapter 17

__ Meekly- __ quiet, gentle, and easily imposed on

__ Basis- __ the underlying support or foundation for an idea, argument

__ Fastened- __ close or join securely

Chapter 18

central |ˈsentrəl| adjective 1 of, at, or forming the center : the station has a central courtyard. • accessible from a variety of places : coaches met at a central location. • Phonetics (of a vowel) articulated in the center of the mouth. 2 of the greatest importance; principal or essential : his preoccupation with American history is central to his work | the rising crime rate remained the central campaign issue. • [ attrib. ] (of a group or organization) having controlling power over a country or another organization : central government | the central office. • [ attrib. ] (of power or authority) in the hands of such a group : local councils are increasingly subject to central control. DERIVATIVES centrality |senˈtralətē| noun centrally adverb ORIGIN mid 17th cent. : from French, or from Latin centralis , from centrum (see center ).

as tute |əˈst(y)oōt| adjective having or showing an ability to accurately assess situations or people and turn this to one ’s advantage : an astute businessman. See note at keen. DERIVATIVES astutely adverb astuteness noun ORIGIN early 17th cent. : from obsolete French astut or Latin astutus, from astus ‘craft.’

cubic |ˈkyoōbik| adjective having the shape of a cube : a cubic room. • denoting a unit of measurement equal to the volume of a cube whose side is one of the linear unit specified : 15 billion cubic meters of water. • measured or expressed in such units. • involving the cube (and no higher power) of a quantity or variable : a cubic equation. • of or denoting a crystal system or three-dimensional geometric arrangement having three equal axes at right angles. noun Mathematics a cubic equation, or a curve described by one. DERIVATIVES cubical adjective cubically |-ik(ə)lē| adverb ORIGIN late 15th cent. (in the sense [involving the cube (and no higher power)] ): from Old French cubique, or via Latin from Greek kubikos , from kubos ‘cube.’

Chapter 19

silo |ˈsīlō| noun ( pl. -los ) 1 a tower or pit on a farm used to store grain. silo 1 • a pit or other airtight structure in which green crops are compressed and stored as silage. 2 an underground chamber in which a guided missile is kept ready for firing. ORIGIN mid 19th cent. : from Spanish, via Latin from Greek siros ‘cornpit.

estate |iˈstāt| noun 1 an area or amount of land or property, in particular • an extensive area of land in the country, usually with a large house, owned by one person or organization. • all the money and property owned by a particular person, esp. at death : in his will, he divided his estate between his wife and daughter. • a property where coffee, rubber, grapes, or other crops are cultivated. • Brit. a housing or commercial development. 2 (also estate of the realm ) a class or order regarded as forming part of the body politic, in particular (in Britain), one of the three groups constituting Parliament, now the Lords Spiritual (the heads of the Church), the Lords Temporal (the peerage), and the Commons. They are also known as the three estates. • dated a particular class or category of people in society : the spiritual welfare of all estates of men. 3 archaic or poetic/literary a particular state, period, or condition in life : programs for the improvement of man's estate | the holy estate of matrimony. • grandeur, pomp, or state : a chamber without a chair of estate. ORIGIN Middle English (in the sense [state or condition] ): from Old French estat, from Latin status ‘state, condition,’ from stare ‘to stand .’

baffle |ˈbafəl| verb [ trans. ] 1 totally bewilder or perplex : an unexplained occurrence that baffled everyone | [as adj. ] ( baffling ) the baffling murder of her sister. See note at thwart. 2 restrain or regulate (a fluid, a sound, etc.) : to baffle the noise further, I pad the gunwales. noun a device used to restrain the flow of a fluid, gas, or loose material or to prevent the spreading of sound or light in a particular direction. DERIVATIVES bafflement noun (in sense 1 of the verb ). bafflingly adverb (in sense 1 of the verb ). ORIGIN late 16th cent. (in the sense [cheat, deceive] ): perhaps related to French bafouer ‘ridicule’ or obsolete French beffer ‘mock, deceive.’

Chapter 20-22 Vocab

Sparrow- a small finchlike old world of birds related

Bramble- a prickly scrambling wild shrub of rose family

Electric- worked by, charged with, producing electricity

Ranger- A series of nine American moon problems

Brook- A small stream

Concealed- Keep from sight, hide

Contrary- Opposite in nature

Vises- Immoral or wicked behavior

Scolded- remonstrate with or rebuke

Chapter 24

1.linch pin – a pin passed through the end of an axle to keep a wheel in position.

2.insulation - the action of insulating something or someone

3.cyanide - a salt or ester of hydrocyanic acid, containing the anion CN − or the group −CN. The salts are generally extremely toxic.

Chapter 25

Exert – apply or bring to bear

Linoleum – a material consisting of a canvas backing thickly coated with a preparation of linseed oil and powdered cork, used esp. as a floor covering.

Shinny – another term for **shin** Chapter 26 __ Tension __ - the state of being stretched tight __ Aisle __ - a passage between rows of seats in a building such as a church or theater, an airplane, or a train __ Mechanized __ - introduce machines or automatic devices into Chapter 27 __ Scaly __ - covered in scales __ Horn-rimmed __ - having rims made of horn or a similar substance __ Cyanide __ - a salt or ester of hydrocyanic acid, containing